The internal carotid artery enters the cranium through the carotid canal in the temporal bone. Heart rate increases-a reflex of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system-and this raises blood pressure. The orthostatic reflex is a reaction to this change in body position, so that blood pressure is maintained against the increasing effect of gravity (orthostatic means “standing up”). The bases of the common carotids contain stretch receptors that immediately respond to the drop in blood pressure upon standing. The external carotid arteries supply blood to the tissues on the surface of the cranium. The next branches give rise to the common carotid arteries, which further branch into the internal carotid arteries. The very first branches off the aorta supply the heart with nutrients and oxygen. The major artery carrying recently oxygenated blood away from the heart is the aorta. There are multiple routes for blood to get into the CNS, with specializations to protect that blood supply and to maximize the ability of the brain to get an uninterrupted perfusion. Blood Supply to the BrainĪ lack of oxygen to the CNS can be devastating, and the cardiovascular system has specific regulatory reflexes to ensure that the blood supply is not interrupted. Beyond the supply of blood, the CNS filters that blood into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which is then circulated through the cavities of the brain and spinal cord called ventricles. This begins with a unique arrangement of blood vessels carrying fresh blood into the CNS. Because of this privilege, the CNS needs specialized structures for the maintenance of circulation. To protect this region from the toxins and pathogens that may be traveling through the blood stream, there is strict control over what can move out of the general systems and into the brain and spinal cord. The function of the tissue in the CNS is crucial to the survival of the organism, so the contents of the blood cannot simply pass into the central nervous tissue. The CNS has a privileged blood supply, as suggested by the blood-brain barrier. The CNS is crucial to the operation of the body, and any compromise in the brain and spinal cord can lead to severe difficulties. Explain how a disruption in circulation would result in a stroke.Explain the production of cerebrospinal fluid and its flow through the ventricles.Name the components of the ventricular system and the regions of the brain in which each is located.Describe the vessels that supply the CNS with blood.Parts of the brain that the ventricles of the brain are continuous with.By the end of this section, you will be able to: What type of cells line the ventricles of the brain quizlet? Two lateral venticles are separated by a thin membrane called CAVUM SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM. Lateral ventricles located WITHIN each cerebral hemisphere, BELOW corpus callosum. Thereof, where are the ventricles of the brain quizlet?
![ventricles of the brain ventricles of the brain](http://i1.ytimg.com/vi/XmrphOOqB30/maxresdefault.jpg)
It is within the choroid plexus that CSF is produced.
![ventricles of the brain ventricles of the brain](https://etc.usf.edu/clipart/55700/55780/55780_ventricles_md.gif)
They are lined by ependymal cells, which form a structure called the choroid plexus. The ventricles are structures that produce cerebrospinal fluid, and transport it around the cranial cavity. Subsequently, question is, what is the main function of the ventricles in the brain? The Ventricles of the Brain. The ventricular system is composed of 2 lateral ventricles, the third ventricle, the cerebral aqueduct, and the fourth ventricle (see the images below). The ventricles of the brain are a communicating network of cavities filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and located within the brain parenchyma. Most of the CSF is formed by the choroid plexus.Ĭonsequently, what do the ventricles of the brain contain? These cavities within the central nervous system are filled with cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and contain the choroid plexus that is responsible for the formation of CSF. Terms in this set (24) while the fourth ventricle is associated with the pons and medulla.